Photography calculators

Enter a focused bellows measurement, a ground-glass image measurement, or a target magnification to find the exposure correction and extension needed for close-up work.

Enter the lens focal length, native magnification, tube length, sensor size, and aperture to estimate the magnification range and close-up exposure effect.

Enter a subject speed, flash duration, and image scale to estimate motion blur in pixels. The calculator also solves backward for the flash duration or subject speed that fits your blur limit.

Plan direct-flash reach from a rated guide number, ISO, manual power, light loss, and identical flashes. It also works backward from the aperture and distance you need.

Enter the magnification, aperture, camera resolution, subject depth, and overlap target to estimate the rail step and minimum number of frames for a macro stack.

Enter your card size and measured photo file sizes to estimate photos per card, cards required for a shoot, and the storage margin left on one card.

Enter your sensor, lens, coverage, overlap, and panoramic-head spacing to estimate how many frames a multi-row panorama needs and what the source set will produce.

Enter the camera depth, actual pinhole, frame size, and a meter reading to see the theoretical diameter range, real f-number, field of view, corner falloff, and shutter time.

Enter the lens height, focal length, available tilt, aperture, and sharp-zone target to estimate the front tilt and depth-of-field wedge for a flat ground plane or tabletop.